Resistivity and Conductivity
The electrical resistance of a wire would be expected to be greater for a longer wire, less for a wire of larger cross sectional area, and would be expected to depend upon the material out of which the wire is made. Experimentally, the dependence upon these properties is a straightforward one for a wide range of conditions, and the resistance of a wire can be expressed as
The factor in the resistance which takes into account the nature of the material is the resistivity . Although it is temperature dependent, it can be used at a given temperature to calculate the resistance of a wire of given geometry.
The inverse of resistivity is called conductivity. There are contexts where the use of conductivity is more convenient.
| Calculation | Table of resistivities | Common wire gauges |
| Microscopic view of resistivity |
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